Temporary forces during construction due to the deadweight of equipment are called which load?

• A. Construction load
• B. Live load
• C. Wind load
• D. Tandem load

Answer: (A)

Temporary forces during construction due to the deadweight of equipment are called construction load. This category covers the fixed weights of machinery, cranes, formwork, and other temporary apparatus that the structure must support while erection is in progress. It differs from live load, which comes from occupants or movable contents and can vary; wind load, which comes from environmental forces; and tandem load, which isn’t a standard category in this context. Once construction is complete, those temporary weights disappear, leaving the permanent dead loads and service live loads to govern the final design.